Should I pay down debt when inflation is high?
Inflation Can Help Borrowers
Prioritize paying down high-interest debt
If you have any credit card debt, that debt will increase at a higher rate, and become more expensive over time. Avoid that extra expense by taking steps to pay down any credit card debt you might have and paying off your balance each month if you can.
“Consumers can and should do both.” Even if you're working on paying down debt, building a healthy savings fund can help you avoid adding to that debt. Having an emergency fund reduces the financial burden when the unexpected happens, even if you start with a small amount and save slowly.
Higher interest rates
They pass this cost on to borrowers by raising interest rates on loans and lines of credit. This means if you take out a home equity loan or HELOC during a period of high inflation, you'll likely pay a higher interest rate than you would if inflation were low.
Paying down credit card debt is among the best ways to prepare for a recession, and it can make you far more financially resilient.
- Check your interest rates. ...
- Consider opening a high yield savings account. ...
- Consider a money market account. ...
- Keep investing your long-term savings. ...
- Explore the bond market. ...
- Consider sticking short-term savings into a CD.
Financial experts agree that you should generally invest your extra cash rather than accelerate paying off low-interest debt, but still some people place immeasurable value on being debt-free or owning a debt-free home.
It's best to avoid tapping into your emergency savings to pay off debt, as you could wind up accumulating more debt when an emergency arises. Part of your decision-making about emergency savings should include how much access you have to your money, according to Shipp.
Millionaires typically balance both paying off debt and investing, but with a strategic approach. Their decision often depends on the interest rate of the debt versus the expected return on investments.
The debt avalanche approach starts with paying off the card with the highest annual percentage rate first. Next, you pay off the card with the second-highest APR and so on.
Who is benefiting from inflation?
Inflation allows borrowers to pay lenders back with money worth less than when it was originally borrowed, which benefits borrowers. When inflation causes higher prices, the demand for credit increases, raising interest rates, which benefits lenders.
The big winner from inflation in an economy is the borrower and the government being the biggest borrower benefits the most from inflation. The rise in inflation will lead to higher income but the loan to be repaid remains the same.
People who are on a fixed income are also negatively affected by inflation. Consider retirees who receive Social Security. Although they may receive COLA increases in their benefits, it may not be enough to sustain the same standard of living they're used to when prices increase to certain levels.
Don't: Take On High-Interest Debt
It's best to avoid racking up high-interest debt during a recession. In fact, the smart move is to slash high-interest debt so you've got more cash on hand. Chances are your highest-interest debt is credit card debt.
Financial experts generally advise keeping three to six months' worth of expenses in a bank account as an emergency fund. How much you should keep in your account may also depend on whether you're saving up for a personal goal, like a down payment on a mortgage or a new car.
If you are nearing retirement or only owe a small amount of money on your mortgage, and you have the cash reserves to both pay off your mortgage and still retain some savings, then it might make sense to pay a mortgage off. Otherwise, it usually makes sense to keep your mortgage and ride out a recession.
- Real estate. Single-family homes financed with low, fixed-rate mortgages tend to perform well during periods of inflation. ...
- Value stocks. Some research has shown that value stocks tend to do better than growth stocks during periods of inflation. ...
- Commodities. ...
- TIPS. ...
- I-Bonds.
Increasing the amount of money you make each month is another way to cover the rising cost of goods and services. Consider asking your current employer for a raise. The worst thing they can say is no. Or maybe you have a hobby that could be turned into a profitable side hustle.
- Equities. Equities generally offer a reliable haven during inflationary times. ...
- Real Estate. Real estate is another tried-and-true inflationary hedge. ...
- Commodities (Non-Gold) ...
- Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) ...
- Savings Bonds. ...
- Gold.
To pay off $30,000 in credit card debt within 36 months, you will need to pay $1,087 per month, assuming an APR of 18%. You would incur $9,116 in interest charges during that time, but you could avoid much of this extra cost and pay off your debt faster by using a 0% APR balance transfer credit card.
Why not to pay off debt?
Emergency Fund
Keep in mind that paying off your debt, such as a credit card balance, and freeing up your credit limit is not a practical substitute for a rainy day fund. It is not the soundest financial strategy to rely on credit in an emergency. It should be a last resort.
The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings. The savings category also includes money you will need to realize your future goals. Let's take a closer look at each category.
- Tip #1: Don't wait. ...
- Tip #2: Pay close attention to your budget. ...
- Tip #3: Increase your income. ...
- Tip #4: Start an emergency fund – even if it's just pennies. ...
- Tip #5: Be patient.
The average American has $65,100 in savings — excluding retirement assets — according to Northwestern Mutual's 2023 Planning & Progress Study. That's a 5% increase over the $62,000 reported in 2022.
It May Negatively Affect Your Credit
Paying an installment loan off early won't improve your credit score. It won't necessarily lower your score, either. But keeping an installment loan open for the life of the loan could help maintain your credit score."
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